* Air cools: When air cools, its ability to hold water vapor decreases.

* Condensation: This means the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and can no longer stay in its gaseous form. It starts to condense, forming tiny water droplets or ice crystals, depending on the temperature.

* Formation of clouds, fog, or dew: This condensation process is how clouds form in the sky, fog forms near the ground, and dew forms on surfaces overnight.

Here's a simplified explanation:

Think of a sponge. A warm sponge can hold more water than a cold one. Similarly, warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air. When the air cools, it's like the sponge getting squeezed - it can't hold as much water, so the excess water vapor is released as liquid water or ice.