Here's why:

* Ionic Compound: Ammonium chloride is an ionic compound, meaning it's composed of positively charged ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl⁻).

* Polar Solvent: Water is a polar solvent, meaning it has a positive and negative end due to the uneven sharing of electrons between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

* Attraction: The positive end of the water molecule attracts the negatively charged chloride ions, while the negative end of the water molecule attracts the positively charged ammonium ions. This electrostatic attraction overcomes the forces holding the ammonium chloride ions together in the crystal lattice, allowing it to dissolve.

Solubility: Ammonium chloride is quite soluble in water, especially at higher temperatures. At room temperature, you can dissolve about 37 grams of ammonium chloride in 100 grams of water.