* Sodium (Na) is a chemical element. Elements are the simplest pure substances and cannot be broken down further by chemical means.

* Sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁), Ethanol (C₂H₅OH), and Water (H₂O) are all compounds. Compounds are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together. They can be decomposed into their constituent elements through chemical reactions.

In summary: Elements are the building blocks of matter and cannot be broken down further by chemical means.