Boron (B)
* Atomic Number: 5
* Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p¹
Boron Ion (B³⁺)
* Charge: +3
* Electron Configuration: 1s²
Explanation:
* Boron's neutral atom: Boron has 5 electrons, which are distributed in its electron shells according to the Aufbau principle and Hund's rule.
* The first shell (n=1) can hold up to 2 electrons, so it's filled with 1s².
* The second shell (n=2) can hold up to 8 electrons. It starts with 2s², leaving 1 electron to occupy one of the 2p orbitals.
* Boron ion (B³⁺): Boron readily loses its 3 outer electrons (2s² 2p¹) to achieve a stable, empty outer shell. This results in a +3 charge and a configuration identical to that of helium: 1s².
