Understanding Dilution

Dilution involves reducing the concentration of a solution by adding more solvent. The key principle is that the number of moles of solute remains constant:

* Moles of solute before dilution = Moles of solute after dilution

Calculations

1. Convert volumes to liters:

* 75.0 mL = 0.075 L

* 0.500 L (already in liters)

2. Use the dilution equation:

* M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

* M₁ = Initial molarity (4.00 M)

* V₁ = Initial volume (0.075 L)

* M₂ = Final molarity (what we want to find)

* V₂ = Final volume (0.500 L)

3. Solve for M₂:

* (4.00 M)(0.075 L) = M₂(0.500 L)

* M₂ = (4.00 M * 0.075 L) / 0.500 L

* M₂ = 0.600 M

Answer: The molarity of the diluted KCl solution is 0.600 M.