2FeO + C → 2Fe + CO₂

is a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction. Here's why:

* Oxidation: The carbon (C) is oxidized. It goes from an oxidation state of 0 (in elemental carbon) to +4 in carbon dioxide (CO₂).

* Reduction: The iron (Fe) is reduced. It goes from an oxidation state of +2 in iron(II) oxide (FeO) to 0 in elemental iron (Fe).

In simpler terms:

* Carbon acts as a reducing agent, taking oxygen away from iron oxide.

* Iron oxide acts as an oxidizing agent, giving oxygen to carbon.

This reaction is a classic example of how carbon can be used to extract metals from their oxides. This process is commonly used in the smelting of iron ore to produce iron.