Major Gases:

* Nitrogen (N2): About 78% of the atmosphere

* Oxygen (O2): About 21% of the atmosphere

Other Gases:

* Argon (Ar): About 0.93%

* Carbon dioxide (CO2): About 0.04%

* Neon (Ne): About 0.0018%

* Helium (He): About 0.0005%

* Methane (CH4): About 0.00017%

* Krypton (Kr): About 0.00011%

* Hydrogen (H2): About 0.00005%

* Ozone (O3): Varies by altitude, but generally very low

Trace Gases:

The atmosphere also contains a variety of trace gases in extremely small amounts, including:

* Water vapor (H2O): This varies greatly depending on location and time of year.

* Xenon (Xe):

* Nitrous oxide (N2O):

* Sulfur dioxide (SO2):

* Carbon monoxide (CO):

Important Notes:

* Variable Components: The percentages of some gases, like water vapor and ozone, can vary significantly depending on location, altitude, and time of year.

* Greenhouse Gases: Some gases, like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, are considered greenhouse gases because they trap heat in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change.

* Importance of Atmosphere: The atmosphere plays a crucial role in regulating Earth's temperature, providing oxygen for breathing, protecting us from harmful solar radiation, and enabling weather patterns.