* Protons: Located in the nucleus of the atom, protons carry a positive (+) charge.
* Neutrons: Also located in the nucleus, neutrons have no charge (neutral).
* Electrons: Found orbiting the nucleus in shells, electrons carry a negative (-) charge.
Key Points:
* Equal and Opposite: The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom is equal, resulting in a net neutral charge for the atom as a whole.
* Atomic Number: The number of protons in an atom defines its atomic number, which is unique to each element.
* Ions: Atoms can gain or lose electrons, becoming charged particles called ions. If an atom loses electrons, it becomes positively charged (a cation). If it gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged (an anion).
Let me know if you'd like more details about any of these concepts!
