The process of breaking down water into hydrogen and oxygen is called electrolysis.

Here's a breakdown:

* Electrolysis is the process of using electricity to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.

* In the case of water, the electrical current splits the water molecules (H₂O) into their constituent elements: hydrogen gas (H₂) and oxygen gas (O₂).

* This is achieved by passing an electric current through water containing dissolved electrolytes, typically using electrodes.

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