* Nonmetal atom: A nonmetal atom is electrically neutral. It has an equal number of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge).
* Anion: An anion is a negatively charged ion. It has gained one or more electrons, resulting in a greater number of electrons than protons.
Here's a breakdown:
Nonmetal Atom
* Example: A chlorine atom (Cl)
* Structure: 17 protons and 17 electrons
* Charge: Neutral (0)
Anion
* Example: A chloride ion (Cl⁻)
* Structure: 17 protons and 18 electrons
* Charge: -1 (one extra electron)
Why do nonmetals form anions?
Nonmetals tend to gain electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration (usually a full outer shell). This is because they are electronegative, meaning they have a strong attraction for electrons.
In summary:
The difference between a nonmetal atom and its anion is simply the addition of one or more electrons to the anion. This change in the number of electrons alters the atom's overall charge, making it negative.
