1. Calculate the mass of NaCl needed:
* Molar mass of NaCl: 58.44 g/mol
* Desired concentration: 0.1 M (moles per liter)
* Volume: 300 mL = 0.3 L
* Formula: mass (g) = concentration (mol/L) x volume (L) x molar mass (g/mol)
* Calculation: mass = 0.1 mol/L * 0.3 L * 58.44 g/mol = 1.7532 g
2. Weigh out the NaCl:
* Use an analytical balance to accurately weigh out 1.7532 g of NaCl.
3. Dissolve the NaCl in water:
* Add the NaCl to a clean, dry 300 mL volumetric flask.
* Add a small amount of distilled water (about 100 mL) to the flask and swirl gently to dissolve the NaCl completely.
* Add more distilled water until the flask is about three-quarters full.
* Carefully add distilled water to the mark on the neck of the volumetric flask.
* Stopper the flask and invert it several times to ensure thorough mixing.
Important Notes:
* Use distilled water: Distilled water is free of impurities that could affect the concentration of your solution.
* Accurate weighing: Use an analytical balance to ensure you weigh the NaCl accurately.
* Volumetric flask: Use a volumetric flask to ensure precise volume measurement.
* Mix thoroughly: Invert the flask several times after dissolving the NaCl to ensure a homogeneous solution.
Labeling:
* Label the solution clearly with the concentration (0.1 M), the solute (NaCl), the date, and your name or initials.
Safety:
* Always wear safety goggles and gloves when handling chemicals.
* Work in a well-ventilated area.
* Dispose of the solution properly according to your laboratory's guidelines.
