The chemical family with atoms having the fewest number of electrons is the alkali metals.

Here's why:

* Alkali metals are located in Group 1 of the periodic table.

* They have only one valence electron, which is the electron in their outermost shell.

* This means they have the simplest electron configurations among all the elements.

For example:

* Lithium (Li) has 3 electrons total (2 in the inner shell and 1 in the outer shell).

* Sodium (Na) has 11 electrons total (2, 8, and 1).

While other groups have elements with fewer electrons overall (like hydrogen and helium), the alkali metals have the fewest valence electrons, which are the ones involved in chemical bonding.