* CO₂: This is taken directly from the atmosphere.
* ATP: This is produced during the light-dependent reactions using energy from sunlight.
* NADPH: This is also produced during the light-dependent reactions, carrying high-energy electrons.
The light-dependent reactions provide the energy (ATP) and reducing power (NADPH) needed for the Calvin cycle to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose. Think of it like this: the light-dependent reactions are the "power plant" of photosynthesis, generating the resources that the Calvin cycle needs to function.