1. Hydrogen (H): This is the most common atom found in organic molecules. It forms single bonds with carbon, creating the backbone of many organic compounds. Examples include hydrocarbons like methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8).
2. Oxygen (O): Oxygen is crucial for many functional groups in organic chemistry. It can form single or double bonds with carbon. Examples include alcohols (R-OH), ketones (R-CO-R'), aldehydes (R-CHO), and carboxylic acids (R-COOH).
Note: These are just two examples. Many other atoms, such as nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) can also attach to the carbon backbone, creating a vast diversity of organic molecules.
