1. Write the balanced chemical equation:
4 Na + O₂ → 2 Na₂O
2. Calculate the moles of each reactant:
* Sodium (Na):
* Molar mass of Na = 22.99 g/mol
* Moles of Na = (46 g) / (22.99 g/mol) = 2 moles
* Oxygen (O₂):
* Molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol
* Moles of O₂ = (160 g) / (32 g/mol) = 5 moles
3. Determine the limiting reactant:
* The balanced equation shows a 4:1 mole ratio between sodium and oxygen.
* We have 2 moles of Na and 5 moles of O₂. This means we have more than enough oxygen to react with all of the sodium.
* Therefore, sodium is the limiting reactant.
4. Calculate the moles of sodium oxide (Na₂O) produced:
* The balanced equation shows a 4:2 (or 2:1) mole ratio between sodium and sodium oxide.
* Since we have 2 moles of sodium, we will produce: (2 moles Na) * (1 mole Na₂O / 2 moles Na) = 1 mole of Na₂O
Answer: 1 mole of sodium oxide (Na₂O) is obtained.