The balanced equation for the reaction of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) and aluminum (Al) is:

2 Al + 2 H₃PO₄ → 2 AlPO₄ + 3 H₂

Here's a breakdown of the reaction:

* Reactants:

* Aluminum (Al) is a solid metal.

* Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is a liquid acid.

* Products:

* Aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄) is a solid precipitate.

* Hydrogen gas (H₂) is a colorless gas.

Explanation:

This reaction is a single displacement reaction where aluminum displaces hydrogen from phosphoric acid. The aluminum reacts with the hydrogen ions (H⁺) in the acid to form aluminum ions (Al³⁺) and hydrogen gas. The aluminum ions then combine with the phosphate ions (PO₄³⁻) to form aluminum phosphate.

Key points to remember:

* The reaction requires heat to initiate.

* The reaction produces a flammable hydrogen gas, which is why it's important to handle this reaction with care.

* The aluminum phosphate formed is a white, insoluble solid that precipitates out of the solution.