Physical Properties:

* Poor conductors of heat and electricity: They resist the flow of heat and electricity, making them good insulators.

* Brittle: They tend to break easily rather than bend or deform.

* Dull appearance: They lack the shiny luster characteristic of metals.

* Gases or liquids at room temperature: Most nonmetals exist as gases (like oxygen and nitrogen) or liquids (like bromine), while only a few are solids (like sulfur and carbon).

* Low density: They are generally less dense than metals.

Chemical Properties:

* High electronegativity: They tend to attract electrons in chemical bonds.

* Gain electrons easily: They form anions (negatively charged ions) when they react with metals.

* Form covalent bonds: They typically share electrons with other nonmetals to form molecules.

* React with metals to form salts: For example, sodium (a metal) reacts with chlorine (a nonmetal) to form table salt (NaCl).

* Found in a variety of states: They exist in various forms like diatomic molecules (like O2), polyatomic molecules (like CO2), and networks (like diamond).

Exceptions:

It's important to note that while these properties are common to most nonmetals, there are some exceptions. For example, graphite (a form of carbon) is a good conductor of electricity.

Examples of Nonmetals:

* Oxygen (O)

* Nitrogen (N)

* Carbon (C)

* Sulfur (S)

* Phosphorus (P)

* Chlorine (Cl)

* Bromine (Br)

* Iodine (I)

These shared properties make nonmetals distinct from metals and play a vital role in their chemical behavior and applications.