1. Calculate the empirical formula mass:

* C: 12.01 g/mol * 2 = 24.02 g/mol

* H: 1.01 g/mol * 3 = 3.03 g/mol

* Empirical formula mass = 24.02 + 3.03 = 27.05 g/mol

2. Determine the ratio of molecular mass to empirical formula mass:

* Molecular mass / Empirical formula mass = 54 g/mol / 27.05 g/mol = 2

3. Multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by the ratio:

* C2H3 * 2 = C4H6

Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound is C4H6.