Here's the difference:
* Elements are the simplest pure substances that cannot be broken down further by chemical means. They are made up of only one type of atom (like hydrogen, oxygen, carbon).
* Compounds are formed when two or more different elements combine chemically in a fixed ratio. They have properties distinct from the elements they are made of (like water, which is made of hydrogen and oxygen).
So, while the periodic table lists all the known elements, you won't find compounds there. To learn about compounds, you need to study chemistry, where you learn about how elements combine to form molecules and the properties of those compounds.