Distillation works when the components of a solution have different boiling points.

Here's why:

* Boiling Point: The temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas.

* Distillation Process:

1. The solution is heated.

2. The component with the lower boiling point vaporizes first.

3. The vapor is collected and condensed back into a liquid, separating it from the other component(s).

By exploiting the difference in boiling points, distillation allows us to effectively separate components from a mixture.