* Argon (Ar): This is the main gas in the bulb, acting as a buffer and helping to maintain the electrical discharge.
* Mercury Vapor (Hg): This is the essential element for fluorescence. When excited by an electrical current, mercury vapor emits ultraviolet (UV) light.
* Inert Gas: Other inert gases like neon (Ne), xenon (Xe), or krypton (Kr) can be added to enhance the bulb's performance and color.
How it Works:
1. Electric Current: The bulb is powered by an electric current passing through the electrodes.
2. Mercury Vapor Excitation: This current causes the mercury vapor inside to become excited and release UV light.
3. Phosphor Coating: The inner surface of the bulb is coated with a phosphor material. This phosphor absorbs the invisible UV light and re-emits it as visible light.
Note:
* Fluorescent bulbs can contain small amounts of mercury. It's important to dispose of them properly to avoid environmental contamination.
* The specific gas mixture in a fluorescent bulb can vary depending on its design and intended use.
