* Atomic Number: This number defines the element. It represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
* Electrons: These are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus.
* Neutral Atom: A neutral atom has an equal number of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge). This balance ensures the atom has no overall electrical charge.
Therefore, in a neutral atom:
* The atomic number is equal to the number of protons.
* The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
Example:
* Carbon (C) has an atomic number of 6.
* This means a carbon atom has 6 protons.
* Since it's neutral, it also has 6 electrons.
Key Takeaway: The atomic number provides a direct way to know how many electrons are in a neutral atom of a specific element.
