The two American Welding Society (AWS) abbreviations for arc processes that melt a tubular electrode with alloys, deoxidizers, and slag formers in their cores are:

* FCAW: Flux-Cored Arc Welding

* SAW: Submerged Arc Welding

FCAW (Flux-Cored Arc Welding) uses a tubular electrode filled with flux, which melts along with the electrode wire to create a protective gas shield and slag covering the weld. This process is typically used for welding thicker materials and can be done in all positions.

SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) uses a similar tubular electrode, but the flux is poured over the weld joint and the arc is submerged within it. This process is highly efficient and produces high-quality welds with deep penetration, making it ideal for applications requiring high deposition rates and smooth welds.

While both processes utilize a tubular electrode with flux, they differ in how the flux is applied and the resulting welding characteristics.