The removal of water during the formation of a compound is called dehydration synthesis.

Here's a breakdown:

* Dehydration: Means "removal of water".

* Synthesis: Means "to combine or make".

In dehydration synthesis, two smaller molecules combine to form a larger molecule, and a molecule of water is released as a byproduct. This is a common process in the formation of many important biological molecules, such as:

* Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides (simple sugars) combine to form disaccharides and polysaccharides.

* Proteins: Amino acids combine to form long chains of polypeptides.

* Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides combine to form DNA and RNA.

Let me know if you'd like more information about dehydration synthesis or any specific examples!