1. Carbohydrates: These are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are the primary source of energy for living organisms and also play structural roles. Examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose.

2. Lipids (Fats and Oils): These are also made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but in different proportions than carbohydrates. They are important for energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure. Examples include fats, oils, and waxes.

3. Proteins: These are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They are essential for building and repairing tissues, transporting substances, and regulating chemical reactions. Examples include enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.

4. Nucleic Acids: These are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. They carry genetic information and are involved in protein synthesis. Examples include DNA and RNA.