Here's why:
* Water molecules form a crystal structure in ice. The hydrogen bonds between water molecules create a very open, hexagonal structure in ice.
* This structure leaves more space between the molecules. In liquid water, molecules are more closely packed.
* Less density means less mass per unit volume. Since ice has a more open structure, it has a lower density than liquid water.
This unusual property of water is crucial for life on Earth:
* Ice insulates water. The layer of ice that forms on lakes and ponds prevents the water below from freezing solid, allowing aquatic life to survive.
* Ice helps regulate Earth's climate. Ice reflects sunlight, helping to keep the planet cool.
Let me know if you have any other questions about water and ice!