* Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
* Trends in electronegativity:
* Increases across a period (from left to right): Atoms become smaller and have a stronger hold on their electrons.
* Decreases down a group (from top to bottom): Atoms become larger and their valence electrons are further from the nucleus, making them less attracted.
Let's look at the positions of the elements:
* Xenon (Xe): Group 18 (noble gas), period 5. Noble gases have very low electronegativity.
* Nitrogen (N): Group 15, period 2.
* Lithium (Li): Group 1, period 2.
Based on the trends:
* Nitrogen will have a higher electronegativity than lithium because it's further to the right in the periodic table.
* Both nitrogen and lithium will have higher electronegativity than xenon, which is a noble gas.
Therefore, nitrogen (N) has the greatest electronegativity out of the three elements.