IUPAC Name: Ethanol

Molecular Weight: 46.07 g/mol

Physical Properties:

* Colorless liquid

* Characteristic odor

* Boiling point: 78.4 °C (173.1 °F)

* Melting point: -114.1 °C (-173.4 °F)

* Density: 0.789 g/mL (at 20 °C)

* Viscosity: 1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C)

* Surface tension: 22.3 mN/m (at 20 °C)

* Vapor pressure: 59.5 mmHg (at 20 °C)

* Flash point: 12.8 °C (55 °F)

* Autoignition temperature: 363 °C (685 °F)

* Explosive limits: 3.3–19% (by volume in air)

Solubility:

* Soluble in water, ether, chloroform, and other organic solvents

* Slightly soluble in oils

Chemical Properties:

* Ethanol is a primary alcohol

* It can react with acids to form esters

* It can react with bases to form alkoxides

* It can undergo oxidation to form acetaldehyde and acetic acid

* It can react with halogens to form alkyl halides

Uses:

* Ethanol is used as a solvent in a wide variety of industries

* It is used as a fuel in some countries

* It is used as a beverage alcohol

* It is used as a disinfectant and antiseptic

* It is used in the production of other chemicals, such as acetaldehyde, acetic acid, and ethyl acetate

Health Effects:

* Ethanol can cause intoxication and impairment of judgment and coordination

* Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to liver damage, heart disease, and other health problems

* Ethanol is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)