1. Reactivity: Hydrogen is a highly reactive element, while halogens are also highly reactive. However, hydrogen's reactivity stems from its ability to lose one electron and become a positively charged ion (H+). In contrast, halogens react by gaining one electron to form negatively charged ions (halide ions).

2. Electron Configuration: Hydrogen has one valence electron, making it univalent. Halogens, on the other hand, have seven valence electrons, making them monovalent. This difference in electron configuration results in different chemical behaviors.

3. Oxidation States: Hydrogen can exhibit both positive (+1) and negative (-1) oxidation states, forming hydride ions (H-) and protons (H+), respectively. Halogens, on the other hand, mostly exhibit negative oxidation states, forming halide ions (X-) when they gain one electron.

4. Chemical Bonding: Hydrogen can participate in various types of chemical bonding, including covalent, ionic, and metallic bonding. Halogens primarily form covalent bonds with other elements.

5. Physical Properties: Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, diatomic gas at room temperature. Halogens are diatomic gases at room temperature, but their colors vary. For instance, fluorine (F2) is pale yellow, chlorine (Cl2) is greenish-yellow, bromine (Br2) is reddish-brown, and iodine (I2) is black.

6. Melting and Boiling Points: Hydrogen has relatively low melting and boiling points compared to halogens. This is because hydrogen molecules are only held together by weak Van der Waals forces. Halogens have stronger covalent bonds, resulting in higher melting and boiling points.

7. Occurrence and Abundance: Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, while halogens are relatively rare. Hydrogen is primarily found in water and hydrocarbon fuels, whereas halogens are present as salts in seawater and various minerals.

8. Toxicity: Hydrogen is non-toxic, but halogens can be toxic in various ways. For example, fluorine is corrosive to living tissues, chlorine is a disinfectant, bromine can cause skin burns and irritation, and iodine is an antiseptic and can be toxic if ingested in high doses.

Overall, hydrogen differs from halogens in terms of reactivity, electron configuration, oxidation states, chemical bonding, physical properties, occurrence and abundance, and toxicity. These differences are attributed to the variations in their atomic structures and electron arrangements.