An ionic compound is a compound composed of ions, which are atoms or molecules that have lost or gained electrons, resulting in a net electric charge. In ammonium chloride, the ammonium ion (NH4+) is positively charged, while the chloride ion (Cl-) is negatively charged. These ions are held together by electrostatic forces, forming an ionic bond.

Ionic compounds are typically hard, brittle, and have high melting points. They are also good conductors of electricity when dissolved in water or melted. Ammonium chloride is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and has a melting point of 338°C. It is used as a fertilizer, a flux for soldering, and in the production of other chemicals.