- Acidic solutions contain an excess of hydrogen ions (H+). These ions are formed when an acid is dissolved in water. Some common acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and nitric acid (HNO3).
- Basic solutions contain an excess of hydroxide ions (OH-). These ions are formed when a base is dissolved in water. Some common bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).
