Ionic bonds are formed when there is a complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. This occurs when the electronegativity difference between the two atoms is large. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons. The greater the electronegativity difference, the stronger the ionic bond.
Ionic bonds are strong bonds and are responsible for the high melting and boiling points of ionic compounds. The melting and boiling points of ionic compounds are also affected by the size of the ions. The smaller the ions, the stronger the ionic bond and the higher the melting and boiling points.
Ionic compounds are typically hard, brittle, and have a high density. They are also good conductors of electricity when they are dissolved in water or melted.