Determine the dilution factor: To calculate the dilution factor, divide the desired final concentration (1 M) by the initial concentration (12 M).
Dilution factor = 1 M / 12 M = 0.0833
Calculate the volume of 12 M HCl needed: To determine the volume of 12 M HCl required to make the 1 M solution, multiply the dilution factor by the desired final volume. Let's say you want to prepare 100 mL of the 1 M HCl solution.
Volume of 12 M HCl = Dilution factor × Final volume
Volume of 12 M HCl = 0.0833 × 100 mL = 8.33 mL
Prepare the 1 M HCl solution: Take a graduated cylinder or a volumetric flask and add 8.33 mL of the 12 M HCl stock solution. Then, add deionized or distilled water to reach the desired final volume of 100 mL. Mix the solution thoroughly to ensure uniform concentration.
It is crucial to wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) while handling concentrated acids, such as lab goggles, gloves, and a lab coat. Always handle chemicals in a well-ventilated area and follow the safety guidelines provided in your laboratory.
