1. Filtration: Separation of solid particles from a liquid by passing the mixture through a filter paper or a semipermeable membrane.

2. Decantation: Separation of immiscible liquids or a liquid from a solid by allowing the denser phase to settle at the bottom and carefully pouring off the upper phase.

3. Evaporation: Vaporizing a liquid from a mixture, leaving behind the dissolved solids.

4. Centrifugation: Using centrifugal force to separate particles of different densities by spinning the mixture at high speed.