Reactivity:
Reactive metals are highly reactive, meaning they readily participate in chemical reactions. Non-reactive metals, also known as noble metals, are less reactive and tend to be more stable in their pure form.
Corrosion:
Reactive metals are prone to corrosion due to their high reactivity. They readily react with oxygen, water, or other substances in their surroundings, forming oxides or other compounds. Non-reactive metals, on the other hand, are resistant to corrosion and do not easily form such compounds.
Luster:
Reactive metals typically have a shiny, lustrous appearance due to their ability to reflect light. Non-reactive metals also possess a lustrous appearance, but their shine tends to be more enduring since they are less susceptible to tarnishing and corrosion.
Hardness:
Reactive metals are generally softer compared to non-reactive metals. Their crystal structures tend to be less tightly packed, making them easier to deform or cut. Non-reactive metals, on the other hand, are often harder because they have more tightly packed crystal structures.
Conductivity:
Reactive metals are generally good conductors of electricity and heat. The loosely bound valence electrons in reactive metals allow for easier movement of electrons, facilitating efficient energy transfer. Non-reactive metals are also good conductors, but they may have slightly lower conductivity due to their stronger bonds.
Electron Configurations:
Reactive metals have incomplete outer electron shells, making them eager to lose electrons and achieve stability. This electron configuration drives their high reactivity. Non-reactive metals, in contrast, have complete outer electron shells, making them less likely to lose or gain electrons, hence their lower reactivity.
Examples:
Reactive metals include sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al). Examples of non-reactive metals include gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), and iridium (Ir).
In summary, reactive metals are highly reactive, prone to corrosion, have a lustrous appearance, are relatively softer, and are good conductors of electricity and heat. Non-reactive metals, on the other hand, are less reactive, corrosion-resistant, lustrous, harder, and also good conductors of electricity and heat.
