1. Amino Acids: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They consist of an amino group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group (COOH), a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid, a hydrogen atom (H), and a carbon atom (C).
Example: Glycine (CH2NH2COOH)
2. Proteins: Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They play crucial roles in cellular structure, metabolism, and function.
Example: Insulin (C254H377N65O75S6)
3. Nucleic Acids: Nucleic acids, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are essential for storing genetic information. They contain a sugar molecule, phosphate, and nitrogenous bases.
Example: Adenine (C5H5N5)
4. Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They primarily function as an energy source for organisms.
Example: Glucose (C6H12O6)
5. Lipids: Lipids are a diverse group of organic compounds that include fats, oils, and waxes. They contain a higher proportion of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Example: Triglyceride (C55H104O6)
These are just a few examples of organic compounds that contain CHON. Various other biomolecules, such as vitamins, coenzymes, and many intermediary metabolites involved in metabolic pathways, also fall into this category. Organic compounds containing CHON play fundamental roles in living organisms, contributing to their growth, development, and survival.