Sodium metal and chlorine gas react to form sodium chloride, also known as table salt. The chemical equation for this reaction is:

2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)

In this reaction, sodium atoms lose one electron each, while chlorine atoms gain one electron each. This results in the formation of positively charged sodium ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-). These ions then combine to form the ionic compound sodium chloride. Sodium chloride is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. It is an essential nutrient for humans and other animals, and it is also used as a food preservative and flavor enhancer.