$$C_2H_5OH \xrightarrow[\text{Heat}]{H^+ or H_2SO_4\ or \ Al_2O_3} CH_2=CH_2 + H_2O$$
In this reaction, ethanol undergoes dehydration, which involves the removal of a water molecule from the molecule, resulting in the formation of ethylene (CH2=CH2) and water (H2O). An acid catalyst like sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), or alumina (Al2O3), is commonly used to facilitate the dehydration process. Heat is also required for the reaction to proceed.
