Aldehyde group (–CHO): Benzaldehyde contains an aldehyde group, which is characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen atom. The aldehyde group is the main functional group in benzaldehyde and is responsible for its reactivity and chemical properties.

Aromatic ring: Benzaldehyde also contains an aromatic ring, which is a stable, unsaturated ring of carbon atoms. The benzene ring in benzaldehyde provides stability to the molecule and influences its overall properties.