- Frash process: Hot water is pumped into underground sulfur deposits to melt the sulfur, which is then pumped to the surface.

- Frasch process: Superheated water is injected into underground sulfur deposits to melt the sulfur, which is then pumped to the surface.

- Mining: Sulfur can be mined from open-pit or underground mines.

- Refining: Sulfur can be refined by distillation or crystallization to remove impurities.

Sulfur compounds

- Hydrogen sulfide: Hydrogen sulfide is a gas that is produced by the decomposition of organic matter. It can be found in natural gas, petroleum, and volcanic emissions.

- Sulfur dioxide: Sulfur dioxide is a gas that is produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. It is a major component of acid rain.

- Sulfuric acid: Sulfuric acid is a strong acid that is used in a variety of industrial processes, such as the production of fertilizers, chemicals, and batteries. It can be produced by reacting sulfur dioxide with water.