Carbonates are composed of carbon, oxygen, and one or more metal ions. They are typically found in sedimentary rocks, such as limestone and dolomite. Some common carbonate minerals include calcite (CaCO3), aragonite (CaCO3), and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2).

2. Sulfates

Sulfates are composed of sulfur, oxygen, and one or more metal ions. They are typically found in evaporite deposits, such as gypsum and anhydrite. Some common sulfate minerals include gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), anhydrite (CaSO4), and barite (BaSO4).