1. Experimentation:
- Prepare a saturated solution: Add the solid solute to the liquid solvent until no more solute dissolves and a solid-liquid equilibrium is established.
2. Qualitative Observation:
- Observe whether all of the solid has dissolved or if there is undissolved solid remaining at the bottom of the container.
3. Quantitative Determination:
- Filter the saturated solution to separate the undissolved solid.
- Evaporate the liquid solvent from the filtrate to obtain the dissolved solute.
- Measure the mass of the recovered solute and the mass of the original solvent.
4. Calculate Solubility:
- Solubility is usually expressed in grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent. Calculate the solubility using the following formula:
Solubility = (Mass of Recovered Solute / Mass of Solvent) x 100
5. Temperature Effect:
- Repeat the process at different temperatures to determine how solubility changes with temperature.
- Plot a graph of solubility vs. temperature to observe the relationship.
6. Effect of Other Variables:
- You can investigate the effect of other factors such as pressure, pH, or the presence of other substances on the solubility of the solid in the liquid.
