The autoionization of water is represented by the equilibrium:
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-
The equilibrium constant for this process is Kw, which is equal to the product of [H+] and [OH-] at 25°C.
Kw = [H+][OH-] = 1.0 × 10^-14
In HCl, the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] is equal to the concentration of HCl, as HCl completely dissociates in water to form H+ and Cl- ions. Therefore, [H+] = 2.7 × 10^-3 M.
Using the equation Kw = [H+][OH-], we can calculate [OH-]:
[OH-] = Kw / [H+]
[OH-] = (1.0 × 10^-14) / (2.7 × 10^-3)
[OH-] ≈ 3.7 × 10^-12 M
Therefore, the hydroxide ion concentration in 2.7 × 10^-3 M HCl is approximately 3.7 × 10^-12 M.