The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between iron oxide (Fe2O3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is:

Fe2O3 + 6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O

In this reaction, iron oxide, which is an iron(III) oxide, reacts with hydrochloric acid to form iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) and water (H2O). The reaction involves the replacement of the oxide ions (O2-) in iron oxide with chloride ions (Cl-) from hydrochloric acid, resulting in the formation of iron(III) chloride.