- Alkali metals: These are the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, including lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These elements react violently with water to produce hydrogen gas and hydroxides.
- Alkaline earth metals: These are the elements in Group 2 of the periodic table, including beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). These elements also react with water, but less vigorously than the alkali metals.
- Halogens: These are the elements in Group 17 of the periodic table, including fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). These elements react with water to produce hydrohalic acids.
- Oxygen: Oxygen is the element in Group 16 of the periodic table. It reacts with water to produce hydrogen peroxide.
- Hydrogen: Hydrogen is the element in Group 1 of the periodic table. It reacts with water to produce water molecules.