- Benedict's solution: Tests for the presence of reducing sugars, such as glucose.
- Fehling's solution: Also tests for the presence of reducing sugars.
- Biuret solution: Tests for the presence of proteins.
- Ninhydrin solution: Tests for the presence of amino acids.
- Phenolphthalein solution: Tests for the presence of alkalis and acids.
- Litmus solution: Also tests for the presence of alkalis and acids.
- Nessler's solution: Tests for the presence of ammonia.
- Silver nitrate solution: Tests for the presence of chloride ions.
- Potassium iodide solution: Tests for the presence of starch.
These are just a few examples of the many solutions that can be used for testing different substances. The specific solution used will depend on the substance being tested for.