H3PO4 + HNO3 → HNO4P + H2O
HNO4P is a nitric acid ester of phosphoric acid. It is formed when one of the hydrogen atoms in the phosphoric acid molecule is replaced by a nitro group (-NO2) from the nitric acid.
In addition to mononitro phosphoric acid, the reaction of phosphoric acid and nitric acid can also produce other nitro phosphoric acids, such as dinitro phosphoric acid (HNO5P) and trinitro phosphoric acid (HNO6P). The formation of these higher nitro phosphoric acids depends on the reaction conditions, such as the temperature and the concentration of the reactants.
The reaction of phosphoric acid and nitric acid is a highly exothermic process, meaning that it releases a significant amount of heat. Therefore, it is important to carefully control the reaction conditions to avoid potential hazards, such as thermal runaway or the formation of explosive compounds.
