This revelation followed the ongoing emissions scandal involving VW and other car manufacturers, which came to light in the wake of the EPA's investigation. The scandal exposed the use of defeat devices in VW cars that allowed them to bypass emission controls during testing, resulting in higher NOx emissions on the road.
The French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) conducted its own tests on VW cars after the scandal broke, replicating the EPA's testing methods. The agency's findings corroborated the EPA's conclusions, showing that VW cars emitted significantly higher levels of NOx during on-road driving than during laboratory tests.
The French government responded by launching legal action against VW and seeking compensation for consumers affected by the emissions scandal. The scandal severely damaged VW's reputation and triggered a series of investigations, lawsuits, and regulatory actions worldwide. It highlighted the importance of accurate and transparent testing procedures to ensure that vehicles comply with emissions regulations and protect public health.