Ion channels are small proteins that allow ions to flow in and out of cells. They are essential for many cellular processes, such as controlling the heartbeat and regulating blood pressure. Ion channels are also being increasingly explored as targets for drug delivery.

Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, have discovered how some ion channels form structures that permit drug delivery. The findings, published in the journal Nature Communications, could lead to new ways to deliver drugs to specific cells or tissues.

The researchers studied a type of ion channel called the TRPV1 channel. TRPV1 channels are activated by heat, capsaicin, and other stimuli. When TRPV1 channels are activated, they open up and allow ions to flow through.

The researchers found that TRPV1 channels can also form structures called "hemichannels". Hemichannels are half-open channels that allow ions and other molecules to pass through. The researchers believe that hemichannels could be used to deliver drugs to specific cells or tissues.

"Our findings suggest that TRPV1 channels could be used to deliver drugs to specific cells or tissues," said Dr. David Julius, senior author of the study. "This could lead to new ways to treat diseases such as cancer and pain."

The researchers are currently investigating how hemichannels could be used to deliver drugs. They are also studying other types of ion channels that could be used for drug delivery.

The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.