* Cytoskeleton: This network of protein fibers acts like a skeleton, providing support and structure. It's made of three main types:
* Microtubules: Long, hollow tubes that help with cell division, movement of organelles, and maintaining cell shape.
* Microfilaments: Thin, solid fibers that help with cell movement, muscle contraction, and maintaining cell shape.
* Intermediate filaments: Rope-like fibers that provide strength and anchor organelles.
* Cell Membrane: This thin, flexible layer surrounding the cell acts like a barrier, controlling what enters and exits. It also helps maintain cell shape.
* Extracellular Matrix (ECM): This network of proteins and carbohydrates outside the cell membrane provides support and helps cells bind to each other. It's especially important for tissues like connective tissue and cartilage.
* Internal Pressure: The pressure of the cytoplasm pushing against the cell membrane also contributes to cell shape.
It's important to note that animal cells can be quite flexible and change shape depending on their function. For example, white blood cells can change shape to squeeze through small spaces to reach infection sites.
